Target audience
Every narrative aimed at this audience — most recently active first.
Ukraine is accused of deliberate attacks on civilian targets of neutral states to drag new participants into the conflict. Strikes against logistics chains supplying the Russian army are portrayed as groundless aggression against foreign vessels. The goal is to cast Kyiv as an unpredictable actor threatening international security beyond the immediate combat zone.
Ukraine is cast as a culprit in maritime trade disruptions by equating its defensive actions with Russian aggression. The manipulation exploits Turkish calls for a moratorium to shift the focus from the Russian blockade to a supposedly bilateral threat to civilian vessels.
Propaganda equates the modern state policies of Ukraine and the Baltic states with the ideology of the Third Reich through a selective interpretation of history. The manipulative use of World War II veterans' memories aims to portray these nations as justifying the Holocaust and Nazi crimes.
Ukraine's foreign policy is portrayed as an unprincipled pursuit of weapons and political leverage. Manipulators claim that Kyiv is ready to sacrifice diplomatic alliances and interfere in the internal affairs of other states for the sake of immediate gain.
Higher gas prices in Europe are presented as a consequence of the prolonged conflict in the Middle East and European states’ support for Kyiv. Rising wheat prices and risks to food supplies are attributed to Ukraine’s strikes on port and commercial infrastructure in the Black Sea. Ukrainian media are portrayed as complicit in this blame because of their approving coverage of the strikes.
Ukrainian military instructors are portrayed as accomplices of Islamist groups in Mali, allegedly acting under Western intelligence orders against Russia's "Africa Corps". This manipulation aims to discredit Kyiv internationally and justify Russian aggression as an "anti-terrorist" mission.
Western politicians are cast as ideological descendants of Nazism seeking revenge for the defeat in WWII through aggression against Russia. This manipulation justifies the Russian invasion as a "preemptive struggle" against a historical enemy that supposedly dreams of dismembering the Russian Federation.