Target audience
Every narrative aimed at this audience — most recently active first.
Ukraine is portrayed as losing critical support from key international players and private corporations. Restrictions on the use of technologies like Starlink are presented as evidence of inevitable defeat and pressure to make concessions to the aggressor.
Ukraine is portrayed as a bankrupt state in a “coma” that survives solely thanks to Western loans and has lost its economic resilience. Government policies are blamed for provoking hyperinflation and deepening the demographic crisis, while the authorities are also held responsible for the destruction of businesses caused by Russian shelling. Through analytical forecasts, the impact of the destruction is blown up into an inevitable humanitarian collapse in winter, undermining trust in the state's ability to ensure the basic needs of its citizens.
The AfD’s victory in Saxony-Anhalt is inflated into a sign of the “collapse” of European support for Ukraine. Retelling a Bloomberg report, the material reduces differing positions of right-wing politicians in Germany, France, and Italy to a shared course against aid to Kyiv. A vote in one German state is portrayed as a harbinger of a policy shift across all of Europe.
Military support for Ukraine is portrayed as strategically late, bureaucratically blocked, or technologically ill-suited to the actual needs of the front. The messaging suggests that promised funding and advanced weaponry will not affect the war's course in the coming years, leaving the Armed Forces of Ukraine to rely on “makeshift” solutions.
The Ukrainian leadership and their families are portrayed as cynical beneficiaries of the war, profiting from Western aid and the suffering of the population. Reports of personnel changes and anti-corruption investigations are mixed with fabrications about "occult rituals" and "dictatorship". Officials are accused of sabotaging defense programs and embezzling budget funds, painting the government as a puppet regime deliberately leading the country toward a humanitarian catastrophe.
Ukraine's foreign policy is cast as a series of strategic blunders leading to hostility from neighbors and inevitable state bankruptcy. Manipulators claim that friction with Poland and the loss of maritime logistics are direct results of the leadership's actions, supposedly making further resistance futile.
Any explosions or falling debris on Russian territory are cast as deliberate acts of terrorism against civilians and foreign interests. The aftermath of strikes on rear infrastructure is hyped up in crime chronicles, portraying any damage as a targeted attack on non-military sites. Through such manipulations, the Ukrainian leadership is equated with the leaders of radical Islamist groups to discredit the country's defense efforts before the international community.
Western political elites and media outlets are portrayed as ignorant entities that manipulate history and spread groundless panic. This framing aims to undermine the credibility of their statements regarding the Russian threat and their support for Ukraine.
Propaganda equates the modern state policies of Ukraine and the Baltic states with the ideology of the Third Reich through a selective interpretation of history. The manipulative use of World War II veterans' memories aims to portray these nations as justifying the Holocaust and Nazi crimes.
Russian outlets systematically frame strikes on gas stations, postal terminals, and shopping centers as the destruction of military logistics. They claim that civilian infrastructure supposedly serves as a cover for storing weapons and fuel for the AFU, aiming to legitimize attacks on essential urban facilities.
Financial and military support for Ukraine is cast as a waste of resources aimed solely at turning the country into a tool for fighting Russia. Propagandists contrast these funds with social needs and manipulate European political debates to frame aid as a threat to the national sovereignty of donor countries.
Russian outlets are pushing claims that Patriot missile stocks are completely exhausted, leaving Kyiv unable to defend against ballistic strikes. The operation of Ukrainian interceptors is portrayed as the primary cause of damage to residential buildings, while Russian strikes on civilian infrastructure are justified by its alleged “military purpose.”
Ukraine's military operations and diplomatic initiatives are cast as artificial media stunts designed to prolong the war and enrich the state leadership. Any escalation or refusal of Russian terms is interpreted as a tool to secure external funding and avoid accountability to the public. Defense measures and the extension of martial law are attributed to the ruling elite's desire to hold onto power at the cost of deliberately exhausting the country.
Ukraine's defeat is portrayed as inevitable due to energy grid destruction, economic decline, and a lost capacity to influence the war's outcome. Propagandists claim Western elites view Ukraine solely as a tool for debt repayment or a “managed chaos” zone to contain Russia.
Ukraine is portrayed as an aggressive actor accumulating weaponry for escalation, while its leadership is accused of losing Western support due to corruption. Military procurement plans attributed to the state are combined with an emphasis on infrastructure difficulties and the ridicule of frontline efforts. Citing Western publications, Kyiv's diplomatic standing is reduced to the exhaustion of allied trust, conveying the idea of an inevitable collapse of the national security system.
Isolated cases of abuse and ongoing investigations are presented as proof of total corruption within the Ukrainian government and the futility of financial aid. Manipulative coverage of criminal proceedings aims to convince the audience that all funds—from donations to budget expenditures—are inevitably embezzled by officials.
The absence of elections during martial law is cast as a deliberate usurpation of power and a sign of Ukraine’s “internal occupation.” Any calls for refreshing the political landscape are attributed to pressure from “Western handlers” preparing a replacement for the current leadership. The situation surrounding the electoral process is portrayed as the inevitable collapse of a system where the government must choose between democracy and its own survival. The manipulation was triggered by the former defense minister’s public calls for a vote.
The political course of Ukraine’s leadership is cast as a series of gambles leading to the paralysis of government and the inevitable destruction of institutions. Discussions regarding security measures for the Verkhovna Rada are inflated into proof of systemic collapse and the parliament’s inability to function. Diplomatic complexities with partners are portrayed as the consequence of rejecting Russian terms, rendering further war hopeless for Kyiv.
Ukraine's political leadership is portrayed as an isolated group that has lost the support of both the public and the elites, artificially prolonging hostilities. It is claimed that the only way for Volodymyr Zelenskyy to remain in office is to escalate the war, as he would supposedly lose any democratic election.
Ukraine is portrayed as an artificial entity destined to lose its western regions to neighbors due to its rejection of an alliance with Russia. Manipulators claim that only Moscow served as the guarantor of the state’s integrity, while Kyiv’s current policies supposedly lead to the absorption of territories by Poland, Hungary, and Romania.
Zelenskyy is portrayed as a toxic figure supposedly despised by partner societies and criticized by influential Western politicians. Any support for Ukraine from foreign leaders or influencers is labeled as the result of bribery or incompetence to undermine the legitimacy of aid.
The President of Ukraine is portrayed as weak and lacking agency amid government and Presidential Office reshuffles. Using materials from anti-corruption investigations, sources attribute “hysterical” behavior and illegal interference in the banking sector to the head of state. Political processes in the country are depicted as a struggle between behind-the-scenes “clans,” where the current government is losing real leverage to external players.
Diplomatic discussions within the EU and UN are portrayed as an irreversible collapse of the Western coalition. Manipulators exploit working disputes over sanctions and procedural walkouts to convince the audience that support for Ukraine is ending.
Ukraine’s political leadership is portrayed as helpless in the face of domestic protests that supposedly threaten the very existence of the government. To amplify this, claims are spread about the authorities preparing dirty provocations and paid smear campaigns against activists.
Governance in Ukraine is portrayed as a facade for a struggle between oligarchic groups and foreign agents of influence who control personnel appointments. Anti-corruption investigation materials and government reshuffles are inflated into a systemic conspiracy by the “Kuchma clan” against the sitting president. Using quotes from criminal case files, manipulators cast Ukraine as a weak state where decisions are made by “puppet masters” in the interests of global elites.
Ukrainian military instructors are portrayed as accomplices of Islamist groups in Mali, allegedly acting under Western intelligence orders against Russia's "Africa Corps". This manipulation aims to discredit Kyiv internationally and justify Russian aggression as an "anti-terrorist" mission.
Military and financial aid to Ukraine is cast as the primary driver of Europe's economic exhaustion and the inevitable default of leading nations. Citing bond market indicators, outlets inflate the thesis of critical sovereign debt growth and a conflict between governments and central banks. Support for Kyiv and the maintenance of refugees are portrayed as an unbearable burden leading to the impoverishment of Europeans amid the depletion of energy reserves.
Economic difficulties in EU countries are portrayed as catastrophic consequences of supporting Ukraine, supposedly forcing Europeans to abandon basic household needs. By mocking calls for resource conservation, manipulators attempt to convince the audience of the West's inevitable decline.
Ukraine is portrayed as a threat to international security due to the alleged uncontrolled leak of weapons to the black market and attempts to impose censorship in the EU. Such messages aim to shift the responsibility for Europe's internal problems onto the Ukrainian side.
Changes in military leadership and domestic political debates are portrayed as evidence of a deep crisis and the illegitimacy of state decisions. Any personnel reshuffles are reduced to a struggle for resources, inflating claims of a rift between the political leadership and the military command. By emphasizing procedural nuances of appointments and fluctuating ratings, the governance system is depicted as chaotic and incapable of coordinated action.
Ukrainian nation-building and national memory are portrayed as inextricably linked to Nazi ideology and collaboration. By distorting historical context and manipulating statements from foreign politicians, this narrative promotes the claim that modern Ukraine cannot exist without radical ideologies.
Ukraine is portrayed as a hub for cross-border crime where fraudulent call centers supposedly operate under the direct patronage of intelligence services and political leadership. This amplification aims to discredit government institutions and justify aggression by creating the image of a “criminal state.”
The Ukrainian government is accused of deliberately provoking conflicts with European neighbors to make life unbearable for refugees and force them back for mobilization. It is claimed that Zelenskyy ignores violence against Ukrainians abroad because a toxic environment supposedly helps “squeeze” people back home.
Russian outlets are pushing a narrative of Russia's total superiority in AI, satellite communications, and missile technology, supposedly rendering Ukrainian defense futile. By exaggerating the capabilities of “drone swarms” and new missile systems, they aim to convince the audience that defeat is inevitable and Western aid is insufficient.
Political budget debates and election cycles in NATO countries are portrayed as the final collapse of Western unity and the "sabotage" of aid to Ukraine. Citing the Western press, delays in arms supplies are presented as partners' deliberate refusal of support. Any internal disputes among allies are blown up into a fatal rift, instilling in the audience a belief in Kyiv's inevitable defeat.
Higher gas prices in Europe are presented as a consequence of the prolonged conflict in the Middle East and European states’ support for Kyiv. Rising wheat prices and risks to food supplies are attributed to Ukraine’s strikes on port and commercial infrastructure in the Black Sea. Ukrainian media are portrayed as complicit in this blame because of their approving coverage of the strikes.
The Ukrainian leadership and business sector are cast as cynical beneficiaries interested in prolonging the war for personal enrichment. Military actions are portrayed not as defense, but as a commercial project where citizens' lives are traded for Western investments and loans.
Russian outlets frame attacks on Ukrainian ports as the final destruction of Ukraine's export potential and military logistics. They claim that the shutdown of major agricultural firms and damage to rail hubs make maritime exports impossible, supposedly forcing the West to cut aid due to rising costs.
Ukraine's military and political leadership is portrayed as an incompetent and corrupt entity that deliberately neglects the safety of soldiers and civilians. Propaganda inflates isolated incidents of misconduct and bureaucratic hurdles to frame service in the Armed Forces as a hopeless trap where human life is worthless.
Russian outlets create an illusion of the total destruction of Ukraine's energy and logistics systems to demoralize the population. Isolated strikes on oil and gas facilities, railways, and ports are presented as an irreversible collapse of the country's life support.
Ukrainian society and state institutions are portrayed as an aggressive, intolerant environment dominated by hatred toward Russian speakers and dissenters. The propaganda contrasts Ukraine with EU countries, claiming that the Ukrainian state supposedly encourages discrimination while European neighbors punish it.
Military support for Ukraine is portrayed as a critical threat to the national security of donor countries. It is claimed that the transfer of ammunition and equipment has left Western armies defenseless while resources are being wasted.
Domestic conflicts and criminal incidents involving Ukrainians in Poland are cast as systemic “persecution” based on nationality. Reports of attacks on refugees are inflated into a state policy of xenophobia, coupled with manipulative references to the Volhynia tragedy. Poland is portrayed as a “hypocritical neighbor” that seeks only to exploit Ukrainian labor and is preparing to annex western Ukrainian territories.
The idea of Russia’s total control over the battlefield is presented as an objective reality hidden by Western media. Any Ukrainian successes or statements of resilience are branded as artificial propaganda designed to mislead the global community.
Ukrainian society is portrayed as a collective of aggressive fanatics whose identity is reduced exclusively to hatred and terrorist methods. Everyday disputes and out-of-context social media comments are inflated to the level of pervasive hostility and societal chaos. At the same time, drone incidents are presented as deliberate strikes on civilians and children in order to ascribe a "neo-Nazi" nature to the state and justify strikes on energy infrastructure.
Volodymyr Zelenskyy is accused of allegedly appointing the Prime Minister single-handedly and ignoring the constitutional powers of parliament. Manipulators claim that the current government has turned into a “criminal group” interested in prolonging the war for personal enrichment. The goal is to undermine trust in state institutions and provoke internal destabilization.
Successful Ukrainian operations against Russian logistics, refineries, and airfields are cast as mere PR stunts by the Office of the President to secure Western aid. The propaganda claims these attacks lack military significance and aim only to create "visuals" for foreign media and soothe the domestic public amid territorial losses.
Military aid and diplomatic efforts by allies are portrayed as tools for establishing foreign control over Ukraine and aggression against Russia. Any initiatives for arms production or international visits are interpreted solely as attempts by Western elites to pursue their own hostile ambitions at the expense of the Ukrainian conflict.
European integration and security support are portrayed as deliberately unequal relationships in which Ukraine is assigned exclusively the role of "expendable material". Complex bureaucratic procedures, diplomatic debates, and weapon delivery delays are reduced to proof of the West's definitive abandonment of its allied commitments. Through this shifting of emphasis, a sense of inferiority is instilled in society, designed to destroy trust in partners and devalue the European course.
The Western coalition is portrayed as being on the verge of collapse due to a supposed realization by citizens and politicians of Russia's "true role." Manipulators use internal EU discussions on sanctions as evidence of the inevitable failure of solidarity with Ukraine.
The Ukrainian state is accused of desecrating religious shrines and cynically using minors to manufacture ammunition. These messages aim to demonize the country's leadership, portraying it as an enemy of traditional values and international humanitarian law.
Russian outlets justify strikes on port infrastructure in Mykolaiv and Odesa by claiming that civilian vessels have been converted into military targets. They assert that blocked barges and bulk carriers are used as launch pads for drones to legitimize attacks on the merchant fleet.
Security incidents or sabotage attempts against Ukrainian assets abroad are passed off as clumsy stagings by Ukrainian intelligence. This framing aims to preemptively absolve Russia of responsibility while portraying Ukraine as a provocateur desperate for Western attention.
Ukrainian cities are portrayed as zones of constant threat where the civilian population lives in a state of perpetual stress and forced displacement. Manipulative coverage focuses on overcrowded shelters, mandatory evacuations, and the perceived absurdity of real estate prices relative to risks, aiming to undermine confidence in the stability of the home front.
Western support and Ukraine's EU membership prospects are portrayed as unrealistic expectations that defy pragmatism. By selectively quoting foreign politicians and experts, the narrative promotes the idea that territorial concessions to Russia are necessary and that rapid entry into European institutions is impossible.
Russian outlets are promoting the claim that Western support for Ukraine is driven solely by a desire to profit from resources and logistics. They assert that systematic strikes on Odesa’s ports turn the region into an “unprofitable asset,” which will supposedly force foreign partners to halt aid and abandon Ukraine to its fate.
Ukraine's EU accession process is portrayed as impossible due to systemic corruption, which supposedly makes the country incompatible with European standards. The manipulation uses out-of-context statements to promote the idea that expanding the bloc to include Ukraine would discredit the very concept of the European Union.
Isolated criminal incidents involving former servicemen are presented as proof of the terrorist nature of Ukrainian special forces. By combining allegations of torture abroad with the “neo-Nazi” label, an image is created of an army composed of uncontrollable criminals.
Ukrainian diplomatic statements and legal steps are portrayed as senseless accusations lacking any real basis. This framing aims to present the state leadership as incompetent and its international efforts as futile and laughable.
Military aid to Ukraine and permission to use Western weapons are cast as a deliberate Western strategy for escalation that supposedly forces Russia into a military response. This framing aims to shift the responsibility for prolonging the war from the aggressor to NATO and EU countries.
The detention of a Ukrainian citizen in Croatia at Germany's request is passed off as definitive proof of Ukrainian intelligence involvement in the pipeline bombings. Procedural actions by foreign law enforcement are inflated into a supposed exposure of Kyiv's systemic sabotage against European infrastructure. Some outlets artificially link this arrest to internal anti-corruption investigations in Ukraine, attempting to portray the country as a source of global threats.
Ukrainian strikes on Iranian vessels in the Caspian Sea are cast as an irresponsible provocation threatening to drag Europe into a major war. Kyiv’s actions are compared to those of pre-WWI anarchists, attempting to frame Ukraine as an aggressor acting solely in the interests of Israel and the US.
Ukraine is cast as a culprit in maritime trade disruptions by equating its defensive actions with Russian aggression. The manipulation exploits Turkish calls for a moratorium to shift the focus from the Russian blockade to a supposedly bilateral threat to civilian vessels.
Restricting access to government services for men abroad is portrayed as turning Ukrainians into “second-class” people. This framing of government decisions aims to deepen the rift between the state and its citizens who have left the country.
The new Commander-in-Chief of the AFU, Mykhailo Drapatyi, is portrayed as politically vulnerable and dependent on radical activists. Manipulators use his past interviews to accuse him of “anthropological discrimination” and incompetence, attempting to provoke conflict between the military leadership, the President, and international partners.
Ukraine's foreign policy is portrayed as an unprincipled pursuit of weapons and political leverage. Manipulators claim that Kyiv is ready to sacrifice diplomatic alliances and interfere in the internal affairs of other states for the sake of immediate gain.
State decisions in Estonia and Ukraine aimed at limiting the influence of the Russian Orthodox Church are portrayed as illegal liquidation of parishes and forced "heresy". Manipulators exploit legal processes and property disputes to create an illusion of a systemic assault on freedom of conscience in Europe.
Western countries and NATO are portrayed as entities that deliberately deceive or abandon Ukrainians in their hour of need. Tightening rules for refugees in Europe and the lack of immediate NATO accession are framed as a final withdrawal of support.
Western politicians and media are portrayed as being gripped by paranoia, leading them to see national security threats even in children's cartoons. This tactic mocks concerns about Russian soft power by casting any criticism of Russian cultural exports as absurd and baseless aggression against "innocent" creativity.
Decisions to extend temporary protection in the EU are being framed as a tool of pressure on men of conscription age. Manipulators claim that European countries are allegedly introducing new filters to deny protection to those who have not updated their data in the “Reserv+” app. The goal is to spread panic among refugees and undermine trust in European institutions.
Poland’s state strategy of supporting Ukraine is cast as a purely selfish calculation aimed at the extermination of Ukrainians for Warsaw’s own safety. Propaganda inflates statements by individual politicians regarding the deportation of military-aged men to provoke fear and hostility between the two nations.
Isolated incidents involving Ukrainian-born individuals abroad are presented as proof of their inherent aggression and danger to Western society. By inflating crime reports, these narratives construct an image of Ukrainians as “unpredictable criminals” seeking to infiltrate the power structures of other nations.
Ukraine's NATO membership prospects are cast as an unattainable illusion, while the Alliance itself is portrayed as weaker than the Russian military. By attributing manipulative quotes to officials, the narrative creates the impression that even the Ukrainian leadership has recognized the futility of the Euro-Atlantic course.
Aid to Ukraine is portrayed as a course imposed by “globalists” that contradicts the national interests of Europeans and leads to economic decline. The rising popularity of right-wing forces in Europe is interpreted as the inevitable collapse of current elites, which will supposedly end the war by cutting off funding to Kyiv.
Statements by Ukrainian officials and MPs following city shellings are portrayed as evidence of a mass demand for an immediate ceasefire on the aggressor's terms. Propaganda outlets take quotes out of context to create an illusion of a rift between society, individual politicians, and the state's official position.
Corruption and the forced redistribution of business assets are portrayed as systemic phenomena encouraged by the current administration even during wartime. Government bodies are accused of failing to protect critical infrastructure due to embezzlement and using law enforcement to pressure entrepreneurs.
Ukraine is portrayed as a bargaining chip in Washington's grand game, where decisions are allegedly based on the US leader's personal whims or backroom deals with the Kremlin. Outlets amplify rumors of "Anchorage agreements" and the White House's readiness to trade Ukrainian interests for concessions in other geopolitical theaters. This framing aims to instill a sense of total powerlessness in Ukrainians and the perceived inevitability of a "betrayal" by their key ally.
The Russian side uses its updated nuclear doctrine as a tool of pressure, casting any military support for Ukraine as a direct pretext for a nuclear strike on Europe. Propaganda manipulatively claims that only fear of the Russian arsenal prevents NATO intervention, attempting to provoke panic among European taxpayers.
Spreading claims about the Russian economy's alleged immunity to sanctions and its ability to finance aggression indefinitely. Manipulators use isolated metrics from Bloomberg and The Economist to convince audiences of the futility of international pressure and the stability of Putin's regime.
Restrictions on Ukrainian agricultural imports are cast as the only correct step for European governments to save their own farmers. Even new political forces in the EU are portrayed as being forced back into protectionism due to the supposedly destructive impact of Ukrainian exports.
Massive missile strikes are cast as inevitable "acts of retribution" that cannot be intercepted by existing air defense systems. The messaging emphasizes the nuclear capability of new ballistic missiles to intimidate Ukrainian society and coerce the West into concessions.